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          <h1 class="post-title" itemprop="name headline">【一】SpringBoot创建项目——搭建项目初级知识</h1>
        

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        <p>本文讲解SpringBoot搭建项目的基础知识</p>
<a id="more"></a>


<h2 id="SpringBoot简介"><a href="#SpringBoot简介" class="headerlink" title="SpringBoot简介"></a>SpringBoot简介</h2><h2 id="创建SpringBoot项目"><a href="#创建SpringBoot项目" class="headerlink" title="创建SpringBoot项目"></a>创建SpringBoot项目</h2><ol>
<li><p>Create New Project<br><img src="/blog/images/20200104061455434.jpg" alt="Create New Project"></p>
</li>
<li><p>选择Spring Initializr<br><img src="/blog/images/20200104061704223.jpg" alt="选择Spring Initializr"></p>
</li>
<li><p>填写项目信息<br><img src="/blog/images/20200104061951587.jpg" alt="填写项目信息"></p>
</li>
<li><p>选择依赖<br><img src="/blog/images/20200104062240736.jpg" alt="填写项目信息"></p>
</li>
<li><p>修改项目存放路径，点击Finish，完成创建</p>
</li>
<li><p>打开项目，删除无用的文件和文件夹<br><img src="/blog/images/20200104062604993.jpg" alt="填写项目信息"></p>
</li>
<li><p>关于pom文件中的说明</p>
<figure class="highlight xml"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">parent标签: 所有SpringBoot项目依赖的顶级启动器——spring-boot-starter-parent</span><br><span class="line">在其父项目org.springframework.boot.spring-boot-dependencies中，真正管理SpringBoot应用里面所有依赖版本。</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">&lt;!-- spring-boot-maven-plugin插件的作用： 将应用打包成一个可执行的jar包--&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">plugin</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">groupId</span>&gt;</span>org.springframework.boot<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">groupId</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">artifactId</span>&gt;</span>spring-boot-maven-plugin<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">artifactId</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">plugin</span>&gt;</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
<li><p>pom中无需手动编写依赖的版本的原因：在顶级启动器中，已经默认都填写好依赖的最适合版本，如下图所示<br><img src="/blog/images/20200104063452472.jpg" alt="pom中无需手动编写依赖的版本的原因"></p>
</li>
<li><p>运行SpringBoot启动器，即可启动项目<br><img src="/blog/images/20200104064110704.jpg" alt="启动项目"></p>
</li>
</ol>
<h2 id="创建可访问页面"><a href="#创建可访问页面" class="headerlink" title="创建可访问页面"></a>创建可访问页面</h2><p>上述启动项目后，没有可以访问的页面，所以才出现”Whitelabel Error Page”的提示，现在创建可访问的页面</p>
<ol>
<li><p>在resources/templates文件夹下创建index.html页面<br><img src="/blog/images/20200104064327052.jpg" alt="创建index.html页面"></p>
</li>
<li><p>重启项目，访问localhost:8080/, 即可访问到index.html页面内容<br><img src="/blog/images/20200104064810434.jpg" alt="访问到index.html页面内容"></p>
</li>
<li><p>通过Controller访问页面<br><img src="/blog/images/20200104065502118.jpg" alt="通过Controller访问页面"></p>
</li>
<li><p>js、css、img静态文件的引用方式(以使用自定义ico图片为例)</p>
<figure class="highlight dust"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="xml">a. 下载ico图片保存到static/img目录下</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="xml">//下载地址：https://www.easyicon.net/</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="xml"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="xml">b. 在html页面中直接从/img/目录引用即可</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="xml"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">html</span> <span class="attr">lang</span>=<span class="string">"en"</span>&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="xml"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">head</span>&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="xml">    <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">meta</span> <span class="attr">charset</span>=<span class="string">"UTF-8"</span>&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="xml">    <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">title</span>&gt;</span>首页<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">title</span>&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="xml">    <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">link</span> <span class="attr">rel</span>=<span class="string">"icon"</span> <span class="attr">type</span>=<span class="string">"image/x-icon"</span> <span class="attr">href</span>=<span class="string">"/img/favicon.ico"</span>&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="xml"><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">head</span>&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="xml"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="xml">c. 如果使用了thymeleaf模板引擎，则使用方式如下</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="xml"><span class="comment">&lt;!--thymeleaf 模板引擎--&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="xml"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">html</span> <span class="attr">lang</span>=<span class="string">"en"</span> <span class="attr">xmlns:th</span>=<span class="string">"http://www.thymeleaf.org"</span>&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="xml"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">head</span>&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="xml">    <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">meta</span> <span class="attr">charset</span>=<span class="string">"UTF-8"</span>&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="xml">    <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">title</span>&gt;</span>Hello页面<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">title</span>&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="xml">    <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">link</span> <span class="attr">rel</span>=<span class="string">"icon"</span> <span class="attr">type</span>=<span class="string">"image/x-icon"</span> <span class="attr">href</span>=<span class="string">"favicon.ico"</span> <span class="attr">th:href</span>=<span class="string">"@</span></span></span><span class="template-tag">&#123;/<span class="name">img</span>/favicon.ico&#125;</span><span class="xml"><span class="tag"><span class="string">"</span>&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="xml"><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">head</span>&gt;</span></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

</li>
</ol>
<p><img src="/blog/images/20200104135059826.jpg" alt="使用自定义ico图片"></p>
<ol start="5">
<li>替换项目启动的banner<figure class="highlight jboss-cli"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">a. 在resources目录下创建banner.txt文件，内容如下：</span><br><span class="line">$&#123;AnsiColor.BRIGHT_YELLOW&#125;  </span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////</span>  </span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">//</span>                          _ooOoo_                               <span class="string">//</span>  </span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">//</span>                         o8888888o                              <span class="string">//</span>  </span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">//</span>                         88<span class="string">" . "</span>88                              <span class="string">//</span>  </span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">//</span>                         <span class="params">(| ^_^ |)</span>                              <span class="string">//</span>  </span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">//</span>                         O\  =  <span class="string">/O</span>                              <span class="string">//</span>  </span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">//</span>                      ____/`<span class="params">---</span>'\____                           <span class="string">//</span>  </span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">//</span>                    .'  \\|     |<span class="string">//</span>  `.                         <span class="string">//</span>  </span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">//</span>                   /  \\|||  :  |||<span class="string">//</span>  \                        <span class="string">//</span>  </span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">//</span>                  /  _||||| -<span class="function">:-</span> |||||-  \                       <span class="string">//</span>  </span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">//</span>                  |   | \\\  -  <span class="string">///</span> |   |                       <span class="string">//</span>  </span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">//</span>                  | \_|  ''\<span class="params">---/</span>''  |   |                       <span class="string">//</span>  </span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">//</span>                  \  <span class="string">.-</span>\__  `-`  ___/-. /                       <span class="string">//</span>  </span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">//</span>                ___`. .'  <span class="string">/--.--</span>\  `. . ___                     <span class="string">//</span>  </span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">//</span>              .<span class="string">""</span> '&lt;  `<span class="string">.___</span>\_&lt;|&gt;_/___.'  &gt;'<span class="string">""</span>.                  <span class="string">//</span>  </span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">//</span>            | | :  `- \`.;`\ _ /`;.`/ - ` : | |                 <span class="string">//</span>  </span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">//</span>            \  \ `-.   \_ __\ <span class="string">/__</span> _/   <span class="string">.-</span>` /  /                 <span class="string">//</span>  </span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">//</span>      ========`-<span class="string">.____</span>`-<span class="string">.___</span>\_____/___.-`____.-'========         <span class="string">//</span>  </span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">//</span>                           `=<span class="params">---=</span>'                              <span class="string">//</span>  </span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">//</span>      ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^        <span class="string">//</span>  </span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">//</span>            佛祖保佑       永不宕机      永无BUG                　<span class="string">//</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////</span> </span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">2. 重启项目，即可看到如下界面</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">3. 也可以从网站生成用于Banner输出的字符画，</span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">//</span>见https:<span class="string">//www.cnblogs.com/HaveChen/p/11095295.html</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

</li>
</ol>
<p><img src="/blog/images/20200104135712150.jpg" alt="替换项目启动的banner"></p>
<h2 id="使用yml配置文件"><a href="#使用yml配置文件" class="headerlink" title="使用yml配置文件"></a>使用yml配置文件</h2><ol>
<li>SpringBoot官方推荐使用yml的配置文件(因为yml的语法简洁、层级关系更明确)<br><img src="/blog/images/20200104065717588.jpg" alt="推荐使用yml的配置文件"></li>
</ol>
<p>注意： <strong>yml的格式：1. 各层之间要用缩进区分；2. 冒号后面一定要有空格</strong></p>
<ol start="2">
<li><p>yml基本语法</p>
<figure class="highlight dts"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="symbol">k:</span> (空格)v  <span class="comment">//表示一对键值对，冒号后的空格必须有</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//以空格缩进来控制层级关系，只要是左对齐的一列数据，都是同一个层级的</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//属性和值大小写敏感</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
<li><p>yml配置文件注入到Bean中</p>
<figure class="highlight less"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">//通过如下两个注解，将配置文件中的每一个属性映射到该Bean类中的属性上</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//@ConfigurationPorperites: 告诉SpringBoot将本类中的所有属性和配置</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//文件中相同的属性进行绑定，prefix="person" 表明一一映射配置文件中那个属性下面的所有属性</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="variable">@Component</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="variable">@ConfigurationPorperites</span>(prefix = <span class="string">"person"</span>)</span><br><span class="line">public class Xxx&#123;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

</li>
</ol>
<h2 id="通过jar包启动项目"><a href="#通过jar包启动项目" class="headerlink" title="通过jar包启动项目"></a>通过jar包启动项目</h2><p>通过jar包启动项目的命令如下：</p>
<figure class="highlight mipsasm"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">java </span>-<span class="keyword">jar </span>xxx.<span class="keyword">jar(项目jar包的绝对路径)</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p><img src="/blog/images/20200104125826926.jpg" alt="通过jar包启动项目"></p>

      
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